{"id":5276,"date":"2016-10-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-16T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/?guid=5ef7d7b2c1827c71296fd066b28afd15"},"modified":"2018-08-21T17:31:25","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T09:31:25","slug":"%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%e6%9c%ad%e8%a8%98%ef%bc%9a%e6%af%8b%e9%a0%88%e6%96%bd%e6%95%91-%e6%9c%89%e5%b0%8a%e5%9a%b4%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e6%ad%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%e6%9c%ad%e8%a8%98%ef%bc%9a%e6%af%8b%e9%a0%88%e6%96%bd%e6%95%91-%e6%9c%89%e5%b0%8a%e5%9a%b4%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e6%ad%bb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c08\u5bb6\u672d\u8a18\uff1a\u6bcb\u9808\u65bd\u6551 \u6709\u5c0a\u56b4\u81ea\u7136\u6b7b"},"content":{"rendered":"

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2\u898b\u8b49\u4eba\u4e0b\u7c3d\u7f72<\/p>\n

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\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u653e\u68c4\u7167\u9867\u75c5\u4eba<\/p>\n

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\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/55734848.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】醫療科技日新月異，但生老病死始終是自然定律，生命都有盡頭的一天。雖然科技可以為末期病人提供人工呼吸、心肺復蘇術等等的維持生命治療，延長生命，但由於疾病本身並不能逆轉，這些治療只能延長死亡過程。在這情况下病人選擇放棄沒有意義的維持生命治療，讓生命有尊嚴地自然終結，是合法和合乎道德。這有別於安樂死——安樂死是指「直接並有意地殺死病人」，這種做法在世界上絕大部分地方都屬違法。<\/p>\n

「預設照顧計劃」是病人、家屬及醫護人員之間的溝通過程，是一個共同協議。討論過程考慮到治療的利弊、病人的價值觀和意願，從而了解病人的「晚晴心願」。「晚晴心願」包括維持生命治療的意願及臨終照顧的選擇。討論的前提是，病人必須神志清醒並明白自己的身體狀况，醫護人員亦應該提供適當資料，讓病人作出決定。這個做法可以加強病人、家屬和醫護人員的互信和了解。對病人來說，這樣能體現對他的生命和意願的尊重，同時免卻家屬面對決定病人生死時的困難和壓力，減少日後才感矛盾和內疚的危機。<\/p>\n

2見證人下簽署<\/p>\n

「香港法律改革委員會」在2006年提出了「預設醫療指示」的表格範本，供病人以書面形式記錄其「晚晴心願」。文件中列出病人在何種情况下不接受何種維持生命治療，病人的意願具有法律效力，必須受尊重。病人簽署指示時需要兩名見證人，其中一名是醫生，以減低爭議。<\/p>\n

無論病人以書面方式，或只是口頭表達其「晚晴心願」，醫護人員亦會在病歷內記錄討論內容，以確保在病危時，能夠按病人意願執行。病人和家屬亦要好好保管文件，在需要時出示。<\/p>\n

不等同放棄照顧病人<\/p>\n

在照顧末期或病情不可逆轉的嚴重病人，醫護人員明白，放棄使用維持生命治療並不等同放棄照顧病人。醫護人員仍會繼續為病人提供最適切的照顧。紓緩治療是專為晚期病人提供身體、情緒及靈性上的全人照顧，包括紓緩疾病引起的痛楚和徵狀，為病人及家屬的心理和心靈上提供輔導和支援，讓病人可以安詳及有尊嚴地度過人生的最後階段。<\/p>\n

文：陳煒嬋醫生（靈實司務道寧養院副顧問醫生）、梁智達醫生（靈實司務道寧養院院長）<\/p>\n

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