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\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/_10YC006_.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】問﹕我一家都偏愛較濃味及偏鹹的食物，不少朋友都提醒我吃太鹹的食物會引致腎虧，究竟兩者有關連嗎？<\/p>\n

答﹕如果腎功能下降，我們會稱之為「腎功能衰退」，嚴重的話甚至要洗腎或換腎。將「飲食過鹹」與「腎功能衰退」兩者聯繫起來，這個說法不無道理。<\/p>\n

增加高血壓風險<\/p>\n

臨牀上引起腎功能衰退，甚至需要洗腎的成因，最主要是高血壓、糖尿病及腎炎。鹽分太高的飲食會增加腎臟的負荷；同時間，也會增加高血壓的風險，以及令高血壓患者的情况惡化，而高血壓正是腎功能衰退其中一個主因。因此，如果閣下和家人都有高鹽飲食的習慣，最好先檢查一下血壓，如有血壓高就要小心留意了。<\/p>\n

至於糖尿病所引起的腎功能衰退，原因是高血糖令血管硬化及微絲血管病變，從而損傷腎小球。如果血糖控制得宜，可大大減低出現腎功能衰退的機會。但如血糖時常超標，若干年後就會惡化成腎衰竭了。<\/p>\n

疲倦作悶 已是腎衰竭末期<\/p>\n

而腎炎有多個不同種類、不同的徵狀，部分種類的腎炎會嚴重至影響腎功能，甚至導致腎衰竭，所以也應及早發現及求醫。<\/p>\n

不過，腎功能衰退幾乎毫無病徵，部分病人可能出現小便有泡或血尿等徵狀。不少病人往往到接近末期腎衰竭的階段才有疲倦乏力和作悶作嘔的徵狀，此時已需要長期洗腎。因此關心腎功能的讀者，除了定時量度血壓，每年亦可找醫生抽血及接受尿液檢查，以準確了解自己的腎功能。<\/p>\n

文﹕曾廣源（腎科專科醫生）<\/p>\n

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