{"id":4939,"date":"2017-02-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-02-19T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/?guid=09d5ef56f713300d36107e252e09833b"},"modified":"2018-08-21T15:22:17","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T07:22:17","slug":"%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%e6%9c%ad%e8%a8%98%ef%bc%9a%e7%84%a1%e7%97%9b%e5%a5%bd%e6%ad%bb%e5%94%94%e7%b0%a1%e5%96%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%e6%9c%ad%e8%a8%98%ef%bc%9a%e7%84%a1%e7%97%9b%e5%a5%bd%e6%ad%bb%e5%94%94%e7%b0%a1%e5%96%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c08\u5bb6\u672d\u8a18\uff1a\u7121\u75db\u597d\u6b7b\u5514\u7c21\u55ae"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/00-1.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】美國新奧爾良一名藝術家在親人離世後感到哀痛，她將社區一幅牆變成黑板，在上面寫滿「在我死之前，我希望____」這填充題。然後在旁邊放了七彩斑斕的粉筆，讓路過的人作反思，認真生活。<\/p>\n

想不到一天後，整幅牆已填滿各式各樣的死前心願。這便是「在我死前」（Before I die）運動的緣起。直至目前，世界各地已有多於1000幅黑板牆，遍佈多於70個地方，用35種語言，讓過路人停下來反思人生的意義。<\/p>\n

亞洲人，一直被視為對死亡十分忌諱，但亦有多個地方參與這運動。翻查資料，原來香港在2012年11月也有一名外籍學生小規模地舉辦這運動。她有感香港人常低頭看手機，故創新地將黑板放在地上。<\/p>\n

除了表達死前心願，原來亦有人願意談及「好死」的條件。美國在2016年發表了一份學術期刊文章，研究員有系統地回顧相關的學術期刊文章，從36篇高質素的文章總結出11項「善終」條件。前5項包括對死亡過程的選擇（如何時、何地、有誰伴）、無痛、情緒良好、家庭關係與尊嚴。<\/p>\n

香港的善寧會早在2004年亦作了一項相關的問卷調查。他們歸納出4項好死條件，計有傳統觀念（如死後風光大葬）、肉體無痛、 去者善終（如回想一生沒有遺憾）及留者善別（如完成對家庭責任）。當中無痛這條件在香港及世界各地似乎十分重要。<\/p>\n

無痛的死亡，真的很簡單地靠止痛藥便可達成嗎？在安寧照顧的概念中，痛不單指肉體上的疼痛，而是全面地包含心理上、社交上及靈性上的痛。身體上的痛，是主觀的感覺。例如，在母嬰健康院看到嬰兒或小孩接受疫苗注射時，針還未接觸到皮膚，孩子已經大聲地嚷：「好痛！」並且聲淚俱下。相反地，我們會經常看到母親孩子一同受傷的新聞，即使母親傷多重，仍能先將孩子送到安全的地方才意識到自身的痛楚。故此，要讓病人得到全面的身心社靈照顧才能真正地無痛。<\/p>\n

照料身心　真正無痛<\/p>\n

另一共通條件，就是家庭關係。華人往往有着以他人為本的傾向。只要家人快樂，自己便快樂。有末期病人曾對筆者說：「即使自己很疲憊、胃口很差，但能與家人同枱用膳。談談天、說說笑。看到家人和睦，孫兒們開胃地進餐，自己已心滿意足。即使事後會辛苦地嘔吐，也覺得值得。」病者的心願，往往是如此簡單。香港地方細小，但要集合全家與病者一起，並非一定容易做到。加上很多港人子女早年移民外地，即使他們全部趕回來與病者共度最後時光，亦未必能有適合的地方容納全部家人。<\/p>\n

賽馬會善寧之家正好填補這缺口，透過全面照顧及幽美環境，讓病者一家能有如家般安寧的地方，讓家庭創造美好時光，讓去者善終、留者善別。<\/p>\n

文：香港大學「賽馬會安寧頌」項目總監周燕雯<\/p>\n

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