{"id":4827,"date":"2017-03-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-03-19T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/?guid=1f6531652ae1e11eee94d826a7e75118"},"modified":"2018-08-21T15:17:08","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T07:17:08","slug":"%e5%85%92%e8%a8%80%e8%87%aa%e5%be%97%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%92%e7%a7%91%e9%86%ab%e7%94%9f%e7%9f%ad%e7%bc%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/%e5%85%92%e8%a8%80%e8%87%aa%e5%be%97%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%92%e7%a7%91%e9%86%ab%e7%94%9f%e7%9f%ad%e7%bc%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5152\u8a00\u81ea\u5f97\uff1a\u5152\u79d1\u91ab\u751f\u77ed\u7f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/02-6.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】大陸放寬人口管制，把嚴格執行多年的一孩政策放鬆100％，容許每個家庭養兩個孩子。這是挺好的事。中華人民共和國立國初期，國家一窮二白，人民飯也吃不飽，加上教育水平不高，不得不下重藥「行非常之事」，立法禁制人民多生。可是重藥必有不良副作用：人口老化，不夠年輕人補充；獨生子女患上四、二、一（祖父母和外祖父母四人；父母二人；子或女一人）綜合症，容易寵壞，甚至變成小霸王、宅男宅女，令市民質素下降等。看來國家領導也覺察到一孩政策不是長久之法，放寬正合時宜。<\/p>\n

二孩政策加劇人手不足<\/p>\n

放寬政策很受國民歡迎。內地同業相告，新政策公布後，產科預約大幅上升，不少年輕夫婦都躍躍欲試，要在猴年增產。連多年前生了頭胎，現在已屬「有意栽花花不發」之齡的太太，也不甘後人，機關算盡為求「老蚌生珠」，帶挈人工受孕或輔助生育中心的生意蒸蒸日上。可是在這一片生機，形勢大好的景况下，卻浮現一個始料未及的問題：多了這麼多孩子，那來這麼多兒科醫生照顧他們？<\/p>\n

最近回內地交流，便有醫療當局的領導和兒科醫生告訴我：估計大陸短缺20萬名兒科醫生！對了，不是200、2000，甚至2萬名，而是整個維園也放不下的20萬名。據統計，大陸現有兒科醫生11.28萬名，每千名兒童人口只0.53名，若要達到發達國家的0.85至1.3名，再加上兩孩政策帶來的兒童人口增長，兒科醫生人數非得翻三番不可。<\/p>\n

長久以來，兒科醫生崗位對有志習醫的青年學子都缺乏吸引力，原因是工作辛苦而收入少。大陸基層醫療還剛在萌芽階段，未成氣候。小孩有病都湧往醫院看兒科專科，愈有名氣的醫院便愈多人慕名前往。聽說北京兒童醫院每天的門診量達一萬人，上海兒童醫院也超過八千。醫生既看門診又要照顧病房裏的病人，其苦可知。至於收入少，大陸醫生薪金微薄，全仗「紅包」和「以藥養醫」的提成補貼，通常這「補貼」才是主要收入來源。和專看成人的外科、內科，和其他專科醫生相比，兒科醫生的紅包和提成都是微薄得不可同日而語。怪不得北京兒童醫院裏一位老前輩胡亞美教授曾告訴我：「兒科醫生是最窮、最忙、最苦的醫生，可是最有心。」<\/p>\n

為了多培訓醫生應付眼前及未來的需要，當局甚至要求大學醫學院在審視新生入學申請時，降分錄取有志專攻兒科的學子。這個對入學申請採取「一院兩制」的做法備受質疑：既低貶兒科，更降低兒科醫生的質素，是飲鴆止渴，實不可取。<\/p>\n

大陸鬧兒科醫生荒，香港又如何？香港兒童醫院將於明年（2018年）啓用，需有數量不少經驗豐富的資深兒科專家坐鎮，才不負專科醫院之名。以現時香港的情况，各家公立醫院的兒科部門都有人滿之患，上下員工都忙得不可開交，怎樣騰出人手提供資深醫生給兒童醫院，確是不易解決的問題。到時可能難免鬧醫生荒，有關當局，可要小心在意。<\/p>\n

文：霍泰輝（兒科專科醫生）<\/p>\n

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