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https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_01.mp4\u65e9\u7522 \u4e0d\u8db3\u6708 \u4e0d\u8db3\u78c5;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_02.mp4\u65e9\u7522\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_03.mp4\u300c\u4e03\u661f\u4ed4\u300d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u98a8\u96aa\u589e\u52a0;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_04.mp4\u670d\u9ec3\u9ad4\u916e\u7d20 \u6e1b\u65e9\u7522\u98a8\u96aa;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_05.mp4\u9632\u65e9\u7522 \u8981\u9577\u671f\u81e5\u7240\uff1f;https:\/\/health2.mingpao.com\/ftp\/Health2\/20170410\/news\/_10ya101.jpg\uff08\u5716\uff1a\u5289\u710c\u9676\uff09;https:\/\/health2.mingpao.com\/ftp\/Health2\/20170410\/news\/_10YA001_X.jpg\u74b0\u6258\u9632\u65e9\u7522\u2014\u2014\u5b50\u5bae\u9838\u74b0\u6258\uff08\u85cd\u8272\u74b0\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7b8d\u4f4f\u5b50\u5bae\u9838\uff0c\u627f\u6258\u5b50\u5bae\uff0c\u5378\u8d70\u90e8\u5206\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bae\u9838\u53d7\u58d3\u904e\u65e9\u6253\u958b\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u65e9\u7522\u3002\uff08\u5716\uff1a\u5289\u710c\u9676\uff09;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】新生命的來臨為父母帶來無限喜悅，但如果小寶寶提早出生，發育未成熟，健康問題可能接踵而來。<\/p>\n

坊間流傳長期臥牀、避免運動、戒寒涼食物可以減低早產風險，婦產科專科醫生說統統沒有科學根據；然而，曾經早產、懷有多胞胎、子宮頸過短及鬆弛等都是早產高危因素，可透過藥物和手術減低風險。<\/p>\n

根據香港婦產科學會的統計，本港約4%的初生嬰兒屬早產，即每20名新生兒便有1人於妊娠37周以前出世。<\/p>\n

16至24周超聲波檢查宮頸<\/p>\n

「早產的高危因素有很多，例如曾經試過早產、懷有多胞胎及自身疾病等等，而檢測宮頸狀况亦有助醫生預測早產的風險。」婦產科專科醫生卓筠嬈解釋，宮頸過短或鬆弛擴張，可能會令子宮頸無法承托胎兒重量，導致羊膜突出陰道，一旦穿羊水便代表胎兒需要出生，因此建議在懷孕16至24周時，以超聲波檢查宮頸，若發現異常，醫生可以嘗試以藥物及手術等方法，盡量拖延胎兒至足月才出生。<\/p>\n

服藥、手術、「反牀」　盡量拖延<\/p>\n

遇到子宮頸過短及鬆弛個案，若沒有感染、胎兒異常等情况，醫生可處方藥物黃體酮素，甚至可建議孕婦接受宮頸環紮手術或置放宮頸環托。<\/p>\n

卓筠嬈表示，宮頸環托較為簡單，方法是從陰道放入環托，箍住子宮頸及承托子宮，幫助卸走部分壓力，避免宮頸因為受壓過早打開而引發早產。至於宮頸環紮手術，則是使用縫線將子宮頸作一個環形的縫合，待足月或孕婦作動時再將之剪開取出，便可以正常生產，但太遲鬆綁可能會出現宮頸爆裂及大量出血。<\/p>\n

卓指出，曾有病人因為子宮頸病變而做過多次宮頸環切手術，在首次懷孕至20周時流產。這名病人後來再次懷孕，並於妊娠12周開始監察宮頸，結果發現有過短及鬆弛。一般孕婦可以用陰道鏡及腹腔鏡等微創方式進行宮頸環紮手術，可是她的宮頸實在太短，需要開腹才能紮住宮頸。但香港並沒有開腹進行宮頸環紮手術的經驗，於是將病人轉介公立醫院，並從韓國請來有相關經驗的專家，由香港和韓國醫生一起施手術，病人並一直服用黃體酮，最終成功令胎兒成長至足月才剖腹生產。<\/p>\n

藥物及手術只能盡量拖延BB出生的時間，卻未必一定能做到足月，「另一病人在23周肚痛及宮縮，檢查發現宮頸已張開至3度，而她的第一胎亦在34周便出生，因此屬於早產的高危族群」。由於她沒有感染或其他健康問題，「反牀」（頭低腳高）睡一晚後，宮縮情况停止，突出的羊胎膜亦縮回子宮，於是處方黃體酮及進行宮頸環紮手術，最終在29周時再次有作動的徵狀，胎兒出世。<\/p>\n

年輕女性做宮頸手術應注意<\/p>\n

卓筠嬈稱，醫生會盡量採取措施避免孕婦早產，而孕婦除了要定期做產檢，若出現作早產徵狀，例如有宮縮或出血，宜求醫檢查清楚。她又提醒，年輕女性若發現子宮頸病變，即使要做手術也應盡量減少影響範圍，否則宮頸太短會增加日後胎兒早產風險。<\/p>\n

對於有早產風險、特別是早期早產的高危孕婦，有時需要在危急關頭做抉擇。卓筠嬈指出，若胎兒達24周或以上，法例列明若有生命迹象便要搶救，但不足24周，出生後是否搶救，便要父母抉擇。<\/p>\n

文：張意宇<\/p>\n

採訪：鄭寶華<\/p>\n

圖：劉焌陶、資料圖片<\/p>\n

編輯：林信君<\/p>\n

■有片睇<\/p>\n

想現場直擊家庭醫生睇醫生，可登入 www.mingpaohealth.com\/doc.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_01.mp4早產 不足月 不足磅;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_02.mp4早產風險因素;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_03.mp4「七星仔」死亡風險增加;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_04.mp4服黃體酮素 減早產風險;https:\/\/video3.mingpao.com\/201703\/HET20170323_05.mp4防早產 要長期臥牀？;https:\/\/health2.mingpao.com\/ftp\/Health2\/20170410\/news\/_10ya101.jpg（圖：劉焌陶）;https:\/\/health2.mingpao.com\/ftp\/Health2\/20170410\/news\/_10YA001_X.jpg環托防早產——子宮頸環托（藍色環）的作用是箍住子宮頸，承托子宮，卸走部分壓力，避免宮頸受壓過早打開而引發早產。（圖：劉焌陶）;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6699,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[487,488,877],"class_list":["post-4769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3","tag-487","tag-488","tag-877"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-11-22 22:52:57","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4769"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4769\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}