{"id":4754,"date":"2017-04-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-23T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/?guid=ef2ee5ec5e5577958053f89d71813789"},"modified":"2018-08-21T12:36:29","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T04:36:29","slug":"%e5%85%92%e8%a8%80%e8%87%aa%e5%be%97%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8c%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e6%98%af%e6%b0%b4%e5%81%9a%e7%9a%84%e3%80%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/%e5%85%92%e8%a8%80%e8%87%aa%e5%be%97%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8c%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e6%98%af%e6%b0%b4%e5%81%9a%e7%9a%84%e3%80%8d\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5152\u8a00\u81ea\u5f97\uff1a\u300c\u5b30\u5152\u662f\u6c34\u505a\u7684\u300d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u660e\u5831\u5c08\u8a0a\u3011\u5831\u8f09\u6709\u7236\u6bcd\u88ab\u63a7\u8650\u5152\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u4e94\u6708\u5927\u7537\u5b30\u5403\u98fd\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5b30\u5152\u56b4\u91cd\u812b\u6c34\uff0c\u5e78\u597d\u7d66\u793e\u5de5\u767c\u73fe\u9001\u9662\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u6709\u751f\u547d\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6025\u6551\u5f8c\u751f\u547d\u5df2\u7121\u5927\u7919\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0f\u5c0f\u5e74\u7d00\u906d\u6b64\u5927\u5384\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u6703\u6709\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u53d7\u640d\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5f8c\u907a\u75c7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7236\u6bcd\u4e0d\u61c2\u5982\u4f55\u7167\u9867\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u7531\u6eba\u611b\u7e31\u5bb9\u5343\u4f9d\u767e\u9806\uff0c\u4ee4\u5230\u5b50\u5973\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u6750\u53cd\u800c\u8b8a\u4e86\u5b6c\u7a2e\uff1b\u4ee5\u81f3\u56e0\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u903c\u3001\u7121\u77e5\uff0c\u6216\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u76e1\u672c\u5206\uff0c\u5c0d\u5b50\u5973\u758f\u5ffd\u7167\u9867\u81f4\u4ee4\u5176\u8eab\u5fc3\u53d7\u5275\uff0c\u662f\u73fe\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5927\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6848\u4ef6\u5c1a\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u5be9\u7406\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u6708\u65e6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u662f\u975e\u66f2\u76f4\u3002\u9019\u88cf\u60f3\u548c\u8b80\u8005\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b30\u5152\u812b\u6c34\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u8aaa\u300c\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u6c34\u505a\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u300c\u5b30\u5152\u662f\u6c34\u505a\u7684\u300d\u66f4\u5408\u4e4e\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u5b30\u5152\u8eab\u9ad4\u6c34\u7684\u6210\u5206\u7d04\u70ba\u9ad4\u91cd\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5341\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516d\u5341\u9ad8\u51fa\u4e0d\u5c11\uff1b\u52a0\u4e0a\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\uff0c\u8017\u6c34\u91cf\u4e5f\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u6210\u4eba\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bd4\u6210\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u88dc\u5145\uff0c\u4e5f\u6bd4\u6210\u4eba\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73fe\u812b\u6c34\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u812b\u6c34\u6642\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u66f4\u51f6\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u9ad4\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u662f\u6536\u652f\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u559d\u9032\u809a\u88cf\u7684\u6c34\u8981\u4e0d\u5c11\u65bc\u7d93\u5927\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4fbf\u548c\u6c57\u6db2\u6392\u51fa\u9ad4\u5916\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u548c\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6240\u8017\u6c34\u5206\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u3002\u8981\u662f\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u652f\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u812b\u6c34\u72c0\u51b5\u3002\u5b30\u5152\u812b\u6c34\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8178\u80c3\u708e\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8179\u7009\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u6709\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u540d\u5b30\u5152\u548c\u5e7c\u7ae5\u56e0\u800c\u55aa\u5931\u6027\u547d\u3002\u8178\u9053\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u5206\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u559d\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u8178\u9053\u9ecf\u819c\u7d30\u80de\u9032\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u3002\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u4ee4\u8178\u9053\u9ecf\u819c\u767c\u708e\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u5931\u53bb\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u5206\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u6c34\u5206\u901a\u904e\u8179\u7009\u6392\u51fa\u9ad4\u5916\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u812b\u6c34\u3002\u8981\u662f\u8179\u7009\u52a0\u4e0a\u5614\u5410\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u6703\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u5614\u5410\u5f97\u53b2\u5bb3\u6642\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9023\u6c34\u4e5f\u559d\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u7121\u5f9e\u88dc\u5145\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4f75\u767c\u812b\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u88cf\uff0c\u559d\u4e0d\u5920\u6c34\u5c0e\u81f4\u812b\u6c34\u7684\u4e26\u4e0d\u666e\u904d\u3002\u60a3\u54bd\u5589\u767c\u708e\u7684\u5e7c\u7ae5\uff0c\u56e0\u541e\u56a5\u56f0\u96e3\u75db\u695a\u4e0d\u9858\u9032\u98df\u751a\u81f3\u559d\u6c34\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u767c\u71d2\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8eab\u9ad4\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f04\u5230\u812b\u6c34\u7684\u4e5f\u6642\u6709\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u60c5\u51b5\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u56b4\u91cd\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u7236\u6bcd\u758f\u65bc\u7167\u9867\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u7d66\u5b30\u5e7c\u5152\u9935\u5976\u9935\u6c34\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5b30\u5152\u56e0\u65b7\u6c34\u7d55\u7ce7\u800c\u812b\u6c34\u7684\u61c9\u5c6c\u7f55\u898b\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u91ab\u9662\u75c5\u623f\u537b\u591a\u4e86\u7d14\u4ee5\u6bcd\u4e73\u54fa\u9935\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u5152\uff0c\u56e0\u6bcd\u4e73\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u81f4\u812b\u6c34\u5165\u9662\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u500b\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcd\u4e73\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee4\u5b30\u5152\u812b\u6c34<\/p>\n

\u6bcd\u4e73\u662f\u5b30\u5152\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u98df\u54c1\uff0c\u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u7531\u65bc\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u91ab\u7ba1\u5c40\u5927\u529b\u9f13\u5439\uff0c\u6bcd\u4e73\u54fa\u80b2\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u65b7\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u8981\u525b\u751f\u4e0b\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u6210\u529f\u54fa\u4e73\uff0c\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u8b93\u65b0\u751f\u5152\u53ea\u5403\u6bcd\u4e73\uff0c\u4e0d\u8b93\u4ed6\u9032\u98df\u4efb\u4f55\u6bcd\u4e73\u4ee3\u66ff\u54c1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5976\u7c89\u3001\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6c34\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6e05\u6c34\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6bcd\u89aa\u5728\u7522\u5f8c\u5169\u4e09\u5929\u5167\u53ea\u80fd\u88fd\u9020\u5f88\u5c11\u4e73\u6c41\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u9069\u7576\u8f14\u52a9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6ef4\u4e73\u5168\u7121\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u8981\u9075\u5f9e\u91ab\u9662\u6216\u300c\u54fa\u4e73\u9867\u554f\u300d\u6307\u5c0e\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u8b93\u5b30\u5152\u9032\u98df\u300c\u4ee3\u7528\u54c1\u300d\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u812b\u6c34\uff0c\u5165\u9662\u6642\u9ad4\u91cd\u6bd4\u51fa\u751f\u6642\u9ad4\u91cd\u8f15\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u767c\u71d2\uff0c\u81e8\u7240\u6aa2\u67e5\u6709\u660e\u986f\u812b\u6c34\u5fb5\u72c0\uff0c\u8840\u9209\u904e\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u6436\u6551\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u56e0\u6bcd\u4e73\u4e0d\u8db3\u81f4\u812b\u6c34\u5165\u9662\u7684\u7d14\u6bcd\u4e73\u9935\u54fa\u5b30\u5152\uff0c\u5df2\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u73fe\u8c61\uff1b\u770b\u4f86\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u6bcd\u4e73\u4ee3\u66ff\u54c1\u9019\u300c\u91d1\u79d1\u7389\u5f8b\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5b30\u5152\u3002\u6559\u689d\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5728\u6cbb\u7406\u75c5\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u80b2\u5b30\u65b9\u9762\u5be6\u5728\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\ufe55\u970d\u6cf0\u8f1d\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u526f\u6821\u9577\u3001\u5152\u79d1\u5c08\u79d1\u91ab\u751f\uff09<\/p>\n

\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/55734857.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】報載有父母被控虐兒，沒有給五月大男嬰吃飽，導致嬰兒嚴重脫水，幸好給社工發現送院治理，一度有生命危險。雖然急救後生命已無大礙，但小小年紀遭此大厄，恐怕會有腦神經受損或其他後遺症。<\/p>\n

父母不懂如何照顧子女，由溺愛縱容千依百順，令到子女不但不能成材反而變了孬種；以至因生活所逼、無知，或根本不盡本分，對子女疏忽照顧致令其身心受創，是現今社會的大問題。上述案件尚在法庭審理階段，這裏當然不能月旦事件的是非曲直。這裏想和讀者討論的，是嬰兒脫水的問題。<\/p>\n

若說「女人是水做的」，那不如說「嬰兒是水做的」更合乎事實。嬰兒身體水的成分約為體重的百分之七十，相對比成人的百分之六十高出不少；加上快速的新陳代謝，耗水量也相對比成人多，因此比成人需要更多的水分補充，也比成人更容易出現脫水現象，脫水時情况也更凶險。<\/p>\n

人體要保持足夠的水分，最重要是收支平衡，即是喝進肚裏的水要不少於經大、小二便和汗液排出體外的水分和新陳代謝所耗水分的總和。要是入不敷支，便會出現脫水狀况。嬰兒脫水最常見的原因，是病毒或細菌感染，導致腸胃炎引起的腹瀉，每年全球有差不多一百萬名嬰兒和幼童因而喪失性命。腸道是身體吸收水分的主要器官，我們喝下去的水，都是經過腸道黏膜細胞進入血液。病毒或細菌感染令腸道黏膜發炎，細胞失去吸收水分的功能，大量水分通過腹瀉排出體外，導致脫水。要是腹瀉加上嘔吐，失去的水分會更多。嘔吐得厲害時，往往連水也喝不下，無從補充水分，更容易併發脫水。<\/p>\n

現實生活裏，喝不夠水導致脫水的並不普遍。患咽喉發炎的幼童，因吞嚥困難痛楚不願進食甚至喝水，加上發燒提高了身體新陳代謝的速度，弄到脫水的也時有發生，只是情况大多不十分嚴重。至於父母疏於照顧，忽略了給嬰幼兒餵奶餵水，以致嬰兒因斷水絕糧而脫水的應屬罕見。可是近年醫院病房卻多了純以母乳哺餵的新生兒，因母乳不足以致脫水入院治療的個案。<\/p>\n

母乳不足令嬰兒脫水<\/p>\n

母乳是嬰兒最理想食品，毋庸置疑。近年由於政府及醫管局大力鼓吹，母乳哺育比例不斷上升。要剛生下孩子的母親成功哺乳，最理想是讓新生兒只吃母乳，不讓他進食任何母乳代替品，包括奶粉、葡萄糖水，甚至清水。可是母親在產後兩三天內只能製造很少乳汁，要是得不到適當輔助，可能滴乳全無，但又要遵從醫院或「哺乳顧問」指導，不敢讓嬰兒進食「代用品」，於是造成了有些嬰兒脫水，入院時體重比出生時體重輕得多，加上發燒，臨牀檢查有明顯脫水徵狀，血鈉過高，有小部分更需要搶救。<\/p>\n

其實，因母乳不足致脫水入院的純母乳餵哺嬰兒，已是世界性現象；看來不可用母乳代替品這「金科玉律」，並不適用於所有嬰兒。教條主義，在治理病人包括育嬰方面實在行不通。<\/p>\n

文﹕霍泰輝（香港中文大學副校長、兒科專科醫生）<\/p>\n

<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[473,1165],"class_list":["post-4754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3","tag-473","tag-1165"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-11-16 21:57:27","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4754"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4754"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4754\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}