{"id":4559,"date":"2017-05-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-05-28T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/?guid=1a158fd2c057ffc3985b61cc8e25b358"},"modified":"2018-08-21T12:30:30","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T04:30:30","slug":"%e5%95%8f%e9%86%ab%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9a%e6%8d%90%e5%89%a9%e4%b8%80%e5%80%8b%e8%85%8e-%e5%a4%a0%e4%b8%8d%e5%a4%a0%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/%e5%95%8f%e9%86%ab%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9a%e6%8d%90%e5%89%a9%e4%b8%80%e5%80%8b%e8%85%8e-%e5%a4%a0%e4%b8%8d%e5%a4%a0%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u554f\u91ab\u751f\uff1a\u6350\u5269\u4e00\u500b\u814e \u5920\u4e0d\u5920\u7528\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\/\/www.afterroberto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/M70515e.jpg;<\/inline><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

【明報專訊】鄭：鄭志文醫生 何：何仲平醫生 觀：Facebook觀眾<\/p>\n

觀﹕捐腎者需要符合什麼條件？捐腎會否影響健康？<\/p>\n

何﹕一般來說，捐腎者需要符合以下4個基本要求：<\/p>\n

‧沒有感染<\/p>\n

‧沒有癌症（腦癌除外）<\/p>\n

‧腎功能良好<\/p>\n

‧身體狀况良好<\/p>\n

許多研究顯示，活體捐腎對於健康沒有影響。一個腎臟，只要功能良好，臨牀上足夠使用。不過，最近也有研究指出，捐贈後始終只剩一個腎臟，將來遇上問題的風險較高。<\/p>\n

■移植腎只可用10年？<\/p>\n

觀﹕換腎後，能否完全康復？「新」的腎臟，可以維持多久？<\/p>\n

何﹕換腎後，飲食可回復正常。毋須再限制飲水，毋須戒口。不過，因為要防止排斥現象，必須長期服食抗排斥藥。<\/p>\n

一般來說，移植腎臟可以維持10年左右；當然，也有失敗個案。我會說，10年是較為保守的說法。最近，我出席了一個病友聚會，其中一位活腎移植的病人，新的腎臟用了30年，情况仍然良好。<\/p>\n

鄭：換腎後能否完全康復，其中一個重要因素是，原來引致腎臟損壞的疾病有否完全根治。如果病人本身患有糖尿，換腎之後一定要好好控制血糖；小心飲食。如果患有免疫系統疾病（如：紅斑狼瘡），新換的腎臟同樣有可能受破壞。<\/p>\n

■止痛藥傷腎莫輕視<\/p>\n

觀﹕什麼食物會傷腎？楊桃會否傷腎？<\/p>\n

何﹕沒有食物直接傷腎；間接的影響則有。吃得過鹹，導致血壓上升，傷害腎臟。患有糖尿，仍每晚吃糖水，令血糖過高，也會影響腎臟。<\/p>\n

楊桃含有一種毒素，腎功能正常的人，可以自然代謝把毒素排出體外。可是，腎功能差者則無法把此毒素排出體外。一旦積聚體內，可能出現作嘔作悶、心跳、抽筋徵狀，嚴重甚至死亡。<\/p>\n

藥物方面，某種抗生素（慶大霉素）會影響腎臟，不過現在已經少用。問題最大反而是使用止痛藥（尤其非類固醇止痛藥）。大家有個觀念，就是止痛藥傷胃，其實它們也傷腎。還有， X光檢查注入的顯影劑，也可能傷腎。<\/p>\n

■減肥藥含馬兜鈴酸致腎衰竭<\/p>\n

鄭﹕除了西藥，中藥也有可能傷腎。可否講解一下？<\/p>\n

何﹕含馬兜鈴酸的中藥材，毒性很強，可導致腎衰竭，甚至死亡。如何發現馬兜鈴酸傷腎的呢？話說有一段時間，比利時有許多女士的腎臟突然變差，後來發現她們都有服用一種減肥藥物，內含馬兜鈴酸。<\/p>\n

香港早已對相關藥材作出嚴格規管。不過，曾經也有錯誤把含馬兜鈴酸藥材當作其他藥材使用，導致中毒的個案。<\/p>\n

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